KARTOGRAFI OCH BILDLORE

THORLAKSSON, GUDBRANDUR.

1541-1627.
Matematiker, kartograf, rektor i Skálholt och biskop i Hólar. Utbildad i Hólars katedralskola och sedan på Köpenhamns universitet. Utnämndes till biskop 1570 med uppgiften att driva igenom protestantismen på norra Island. Thorlaksson förblev biskop i Hólar till sin död 20 juli 1627.
Thorlaksson redigerade och publicerade minst 80 böcker under sin tid som biskop, bland annat första bibeln på isländska 1584 och den isländska lagboken. Han gjorde även den första användbara kartan över Island 1590, en karta som kom att kopieras under stor del av 1600-talet av alla stora kartografer.
Bland arbeten.
Island, 1570, använd av Ortelius 1595 och Blaeu 1643.
Celestial globe, 1575.
Norse discoveries America, 1606, manuskript.

SCHWENSEN, CARL.

Norsk litograf. Han startade på 1850-talet en litografisk byrå som nämns fram till år 1882. 1859 gav han ut en 'Godtkjöbs-Atlas' som senare kom i flera utgåvor. Från hans byrå stammar en mängd kartor av olika slag, stadskartor, väg- och järnvägskartor, fickkartor m.m. Av hans arbeten kan nämnas 'Detailkart i 74 Blade over Christiania' (1880).

Bland arbeten.
Godtkjöbs-Atlas.
Detailkart i 74 Blade over Christiania.

U.B.

Bertius, Petrus. [Bert].

1565-1629.
Petrus Bertius grew up in Beveren in Flanders and as a young man travelled widely in Europe. In company with so many of his compatriots he moved to Amsterdam as a refugee from religious persecution and after completing his studies there he was appointed a professor of mathematics and librarian at Leyden University. As well as being a prolific writer on mathematical, historical and theological subjects he is known as a cartographer for his editions of Ptolemy's Geographia (based on Mercator's edition of 1578) and for the miniature atlases detailed below. In 1618 he moved to Paris and became Official Cosmographer to Louis XIII. He was related by marriage to Jodocus Hondius and Pieter van den Keere.

Karta öfver Stockholm. - 1904.

Mjölktistel, Sonchus oleraceus - Lindman, C. A. M, Bilder ur Nordens Flora 1917-26.

Porträtt på Gerard Mercator och Jodocus Hondius.

"Striking image showing Mercator and Hondius in their idealized workshop.

This famous portrait of two of the most important mapmakers during the Golden Age of Dutch cartography was engraved by Coletta Hondius, as a tribute to her late husband, shortly after his death. Gerard Mercator is shown with his successor, Jodocus Hondius, seated at a table surrounded by the implements of their trade. The fine portrait is set within an elaborate strapwork framework that includes a wall map of Europe.

Gerard Mercator is renowned as the cartographer who created a world map representing new projections of sailing courses of constant bearing as straight lines—an innovation which, to this day, enhances the simplicity and safety of navigation. In his own day, Mercator was the world's most famous geographer. He created a number of wall maps early in his career, as well as one of the earliest modern world Atlases in 1595. Although this was the first appearance of the word Atlas in a geographical context, Mercator used it as a neologism for a treatise on the creation, history and description of the universe, not simply a collection of maps. He chose the word as a commemoration of King Atlas of Mauretania, whom he considered to be the first great geographer.

Jodocus Hondius was a Dutch engraver and cartographer. He is best known for his early maps of the New World and Europe and for continuing publication of Gerard Mercator's World Atlas. He also helped establish Amsterdam as the center of cartography in Europe in the 17th century. In England, Hondius publicized the work of Francis Drake, who had made a circumnavigation of the world in the late 1570s. In 1604, he purchased the plates of Gerard Mercator's Atlas from Mercator's grandson and continued publication of the Atlas, adding his own maps over the next several decades. Hondius later published a pocket version Atlas Minor."

Barry Lawrence Ruderman Antique Maps Inc.