Död 1771.
Engelsk geograf och kartograf. Han var en duktig landskapsmålare och kopparstickare som etablerade ett kartförlag i London och gav ut en rad specialkartor och atlaser över engelska områden, Amerika, Västindien etc. Han gav även ut en rad geografiska verk och fick titeln 'Geographer to the King' (George III). Han intresserade sig framförallt för amerikanska farvatten, och sysselsatte sig bl.a. med 'The Great Probability of a North-West Passage' (1768). Efter hans död utkom 1775 ett stort sjökartverk: 'The North American Pilot', utgiven under tillsyn av den berömde upptäcktsresanden, kapten James Cook.
Bland arbeten.
The Great Probability of a North-West Passage.
The North American Pilot.
Dict. nat. biogr.
Doppelmayr, an acclaimed astronomer, was born in Nuremberg in 1671. He was a member of the Royal Society of London and the Academies of Berlin, Vienna and St. Petersburg.
It is not surprising that Dopplemayr collaborated with Germany’s leading map publisher Johann Baptist Homann on both the terrestrial and celestial maps included in this atlas. He visited astronomers in many countries and hence in addition to the star charts and selenographic map, the atlas includes “diagrams illustrating the planetary system of Copernicus, Tycho, and Riccilio; the ecliptic theories of Kepler, Bouliaeu, Seth Ward and Mercator; the lunar theories of Tycho, Horrocks and Newton, and Halley’s cometary theory” (DSB IV, p. 166).
Bland arbeten.
Atlas novus Coelestis. Nuremberg: Homann’s Heirs, 1742.
First edition, folio (560 x 390mm), engraved allegorical additional titles (plain), title printed in red and black with engraved vignette, engraved index listing 30 subjects and 30 double-page engraved celestial charts and diagrams, some incorporating miniature world maps or spandrel illustrations of astronomical observatories, in contemporary hand colour and wash.
Sotheby's
Död 1732. Föddes i Holland.
Engelsk kartograf. Kom ca. 1698 till London där han senare hade sin verksamhet. Arbetade först som kopparstickare för andra kartutgivare, men började snart på egen hand. Hans främsta verk är en stor atlas utan titel ca. 1700, 'Atlas Manuale' (1709), 'Atlas Geographus' i 5 band (1711-17), 'New and complete Atlas' (1719) och 'Atlas Minor' (1729). Utarbetade dessutom kartor för 'The Complete Geographer' (1709) och en rad andra geografiska och historiska verk. Han utgav även några böcker, som 'A System of Geography' (1701).
Bland arbeten.
Atlas Manuale.
Atlas Geographus.
New and complete Atlas.
Atlas Minor.
The Complete Geographer.
A System of Geography.
Dict. nat. biogr. - Tooley.
Gulddistriktet Klondike - ca 1897.
Ekebyholm - Nay 1881.
Cassini de Thury, César-François
Biografiska uppgifter:17 June 1714 – 4 September 1784
César-François Cassini de Thury (17 June 1714 – 4 September 1784), also called Cassini III or Cassini de Thury, was a French astronomer and cartographer.
Cassini de Thury was born in Thury-sous-Clermont (Oise), the second son of Jacques Cassini and Suzanne Françoise Charpentier de Charmois. He was a grandson of Giovanni Domenico Cassini, and would become the father of Jean-Dominique Cassini, Comte de Cassini.
In 1735, he became a member of the French Academy of Sciences as a supernumerary adjunct astronomer, in 1741 as an adjunct astronomer, and in 1745 as a full member astronomer.
In January, 1751 he was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society.
He succeeded to his father’s official position in 1756 and continued the hereditary surveying operations. In 1744, he began the construction of a great topographical map of France, one of the landmarks in the history of cartography. Completed by his son Jean-Dominique, Cassini IV and published by the Académie des Sciences from 1744 to 1793, its 180 plates are known as the Cassini map(fr).
The post of director of the Paris observatory was created for his benefit in 1771 when the establishment ceased to be a dependency of the French Academy of Sciences.
His chief works are: La méridienne de l’Observatoire Royal de Paris (1744), a correction of the Paris meridian; Description géométrique de la terre (1775); and Description géométrique de la France (1784), which was completed by his son ('Cassini IV').
César-François Cassini de Thury died of smallpox in Paris on 4 September 1784,
The Cassini projection is a map projection described by César-François Cassini de Thury in 1745. It is the transverse aspect of theequirectangular projection, in that the globe is first rotated so the central meridian becomes the 'equator', and then the normal equirectangular projection is applied.
In practice, the projection has always been applied to models of the earth as an ellipsoid, which greatly complicates the mathematical development but is suitable for surveying. Nevertheless the use of the Cassini projection has largely been superseded by the Transverse Mercator projection, at least with central mapping agencies.
Areas along the central meridian, and at right angles to it, are not distorted. Elsewhere, the distortion is largely in a north-south direction, and varies by the square of the distance from the central meridian. As such, the greater the longitudinal extent of the area, the worse the distortion becomes.
Due to this, the Cassini projection works best on long, narrow areas, and worst on wide areas.
