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Biografier.

SOLEM, JOHANNES.

1841-1907. Född i Trondheim, död i Christiania (Oslo).
Norsk officer. Han blev 1864 officer, 1867 löjtnant i 2:a 'Akershusiske infanteribrigade' och 1883 kapten. 1897 blev han överstelöjtnant i 'Bergenske infanteribrigade'. Under åren 1867-76 arbetade han vid 'Norges Geografiske Opmaaling'. Hans kartor över Christiania (Oslo) bör ha fyllt ett djupt känt behov. Under 8 år (1873-81) utkom de i inte mindre än 6 upplagor.


Militaerkalenderen. - Seue. - U.B.

SCHEEL, HEINRICH OTTO von.

1745-1808. Född i Rendsburg, död i Berlin.
Dansk-tysk historiker. 1762 blev han officer i artilleriet, 1773 kapten och 1785 major. 1778-79 deltog han i ett fälttåg med den preussiska armén. 1787 tog han avsked från dansk krigstjänst och gick över i preussisk. 1788 blev han direktör vid Ingeniörsakademiet i Potsdam, 1796 överste och 1800 generalmajor. 1777 utgav han 'Memoires d'artillerie' och 1785 'Almindeligt Udkast af Krigens Skueplads eller geographisk, topographisk og historisk Beskrivelse over Danmark, Norge og Sveriig.. som Inledning till Fredrik IV's KrigsHistorie'.

Bland arbeten.
Memoires d'artillerie.
Almindeligt Udkast af Krigens Skueplads eller geographisk, topographisk og historisk Beskrivelse over Danmark, Norge og Sveriig.. som Inledning till Fredrik IV's KrigsHistorie.


Ehrencron.

NICOLAUS GERMANUS.


Often called 'Donis' from a misapprehension of the title 'Donnus' or 'Donus' an abbreviated form of 'Dominus.
A fifteenth-century cartographer, place of birth, and date of birth and death unknown. The first allusion to him of authentic date is an injunction of Duke Borso d'Este (15 March, 1466) to his referendary and privy counselor, Ludovico Casella, at Ferrara, to have the 'Cosmographia of Don Nicolò' thoroughly examined and then to determine a recompense for it. The duke, on the thirtieth of the same month, called upon his treasurers for 100 florins in gold 'to remit as a mark of his appreciation to Donnus Nicolaus Germanus for his excellent book entitled 'Cosmographia''. On 8 April, 1466, the duke again drew thirty golden florins to present to the Rev. Nicolaus, who 'in addition to that excellent Cosmography' (ultra illud excellens Cosmographie opus) had dedicated to the duke a calendar made to cover many years to come ('librum tacuini multorum annorum'). The 'Cosmographia' as preserved in the Biblioth...


FISCHER, Nicolaus Germanus in Entdeckungen der Normannen in Amerika (Freiburg, 1902), 75-90, 113 sqq. (Eng. tr., London, 1903), 72-86, 108 sqq.


Gulddistriktet Klondike - ca 1897.


Eka - Nay 1881.

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KEULEN, JOHANNES van.

Biografiska uppgifter:1653-1715.
In 1680 was given special endorsement from the Dutch state to print and publish sea charts and sailing instructions. The van Keulen family's best-known work is Nieuwe Groote Ligtende Zee-Fakkel a world atlas in five volumes, published by Johannes's son Gerard and subsequently by Gerard's children and grandchildren.

As we have noted in other biographies in this chapter, the Dutch produced a remarkable number of enterprising and prolific map and chart makers but not even the Blaeu and Jansson establishments could rival the vigour of the van Keulen family whose business was founded in 1680 and continued under their name until 1823 and in other names until 1885 when it was finally wound up and the stock dispersed at auction. Throughout the history of the family, the widows of several of the van Keulens played a major part, after their husbands' deaths, in maintaining the continuity of the business.
The firm was founded by Johannes van Keulen who was registered as a bookseller in Amsterdam in 1678. In 1680 he published the first part of his Zee Atlas which, over the years, was expanded to 5 volumes and continued in one form or another until 1734. More ambitious and with a far longer and more complicated life was his book of sea charts, the Zee-Fakkel, published in 1681-82 which was still being printed round the year 1800. A major influence in the development of the firm was the acquisition in 1693 of the stock of a rival map publisher, Hendrik Doncker.
Although the firm was founded by Johannes van Keulen, he was primarily a publisher; it was his son, Gerard, a talented engraver, mathematician, Hydrographer to the East India Company, who became the mainspring of the business which not only published charts but also books on every aspect of geography, navigation and nautical matters.
Gerard Hulst van Keulen was a member of the distinguished van Keulen family, which was amongst the most prolific and highly respected families of Dutch cartographers active between about 1680 and 1822. While the family was renowned for its sea-charts and associated material, Gerard's arrival in the family business in 1757, along with his brother Cornelis Buys, heralded a change in direction. More books appeared and there was greater diversification in the cartographic side of the business.

(Sveriges sjökartor – A. Hedin.)

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